The "Wood Wide Web": Trees are connected underground through vast networks of mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi form a symbiotic relationship with tree roots, allowing them to exchange nutrients, water, and even information. Through this network, trees can send alerts to each other about potential threats like insect infestations or diseases.
Mutual Support: Trees within a community often exhibit altruistic behavior. They share resources such as water and nutrients, especially with young or struggling trees. This cooperation ensures the survival and health of the entire forest ecosystem.
Chemical Signals: When a tree is under attack by pests, it can release chemical signals into the air and through its roots. These signals serve as warnings to neighboring trees, prompting them to ramp up their own defense mechanisms.
Mother Trees: Wohlleben highlights the role of "mother trees" or the largest, most connected trees in a forest. These trees play a crucial role in nurturing younger trees by directing nutrients and resources to them, helping to maintain the forest's long-term stability.